OptionalCpOptionalCpkOptionalcpkOptionalCplOptionalCpmOptionalCpuOptionallslOptionalPpOptionalPpkOptionalPplOptionalppmExpected PPM using overall σ.
OptionalppmExpected PPM outside specs using within σ (normal).
OptionalPpuOverall sample sd.
Within-subgroup σ (R̄/d₂ or S̄/c₄); equals overall when no subgrouping.
OptionaltargetOptionaluslOptionalzZ.Bench = Φ⁻¹(1 − P(defect overall)).
Approximate CI for Cpk (Bissell / Chou–Owen–Borrego normal approx).